Free Ebook , by Steven Novella
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, by Steven Novella
Free Ebook , by Steven Novella
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Product details
File Size: 4487 KB
Print Length: 512 pages
Publisher: Grand Central Publishing (October 2, 2018)
Publication Date: October 2, 2018
Sold by: Hachette Book Group
Language: English
ASIN: B079L5FDBJ
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Amazon Best Sellers Rank:
#39,009 Paid in Kindle Store (See Top 100 Paid in Kindle Store)
Wow- I started listening to the skeptics guide in 2006 at the age of 12, over the years I kept coming back during hard times, those podcasts taught me more about how to think than almost anything else. They have shaped who I am now (for better or worse). Losing Perry was and still is a punch to the stomach, wish he could have seen this book. This book is wonderful, the design is clever and in a way very much like the older skeptical books, "flim-flam" comes to mind, but with a take on new subjects. Congratulations everyone, you did it right!
It’s a little worrying writing yet another 5-star review of a book that so far received only 5-star reviews. It was written as an updated version of ‘the Demon Haunted World,’ it which it succeeds. I recently listened to the audiobook of Carl Sagan’s book after reading it years ago, and I found just as good as I did when I first read, so it has high standards to reach, which it manages to do.It takes a more encyclopaedia approach to scepticism and critical thinking, so it’s very much a book for future reference.Anyway. I was amused when Steve Novella was discussing ‘zebras,’ and mentioned the patient with ‘palpitations, headaches, sweating, and high blood pressure,’ my first thought (after having trained as an anatomical pathologist) was ‘phaeochromocytoma,’ which I admit is rare - I think I’ve seen one case in 30 years of practice. I was surprised that its hormone was given as ‘adrenaline,’ which is what the rest of the world calls it (it’s secreted by the adrenal glands) instead of ‘epinephrine,’ which is what Americans prefer to call it.Does this mean that Steve Novella is about to agree with the rest of the world and advocate that America adopts a rational system of measurement including Celsius?I also listened to the audiobook at the same time, so I actually ‘read’ the book twice. The two versions are equally good.
This is without a doubt one of the most important books anyone can read right now, regardless of how knowledgeable of Scientific Skepticism they are. A spiritual successor to Carl Sagan’s “The Demon Haunted Worldâ€, this book does an astounding job of showcasing and justifying a rational, methodical worldview.If I could snap my fingers and have everyone in the world read a single book, it would be this one.
'The Skeptic's Guide to the Universe' by Dr Steven NovellaBook review by William Springer"The forces of ignorance, conspiracy thinking, anti-intellectualism, and science denial are as powerful as ever."-'The Skeptic's Guide to the Universe' by Dr. Steven Novella, page xviiThat one sentence can be used to summarize this book. If you believe that the available reliable evidence is sufficient to prove, beyond a reasonable doubt, that 9/11 was planned by the U.S. Government, that HIV doesn't cause AIDS, that man never walked on the Moon, etc., then you're an ignorant anti-intellectual science denying conspiracy theorist.Every premise in this book is twisted to demonstrate that. All of the essential relevant evidence that would effectively refute it has been suppressed . Reason has been subverted and the logical fallacies have been expertly contrived to persuade you that this is true.Here's a fine example of the sort of fallacious reasoning that you'll find throughout this book."And where did all the moon rocks come from? (Don’t say meteorites; those would look different due to their travel through the atmosphere, and we would never have found so many from the moon!) It’s unlikely the US could have pulled off the hoax. Some have argued it would have been easier to just send astronauts to the moon than to execute such a deception. There is also undeniable evidence of human artifacts on the moon. Anyone with the equipment and knowledge can fire up a laser and bounce the beam off a corner reflector left on the lunar surface. Conspiracy theorists long have asked why, if we went to the moon, there are no pictures of the landing sites from telescopes. Well, telescopes don’t have the resolving power, but moon probes do. The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter has taken pictures of Apollo landing sites, showing equipment left behind and the tracks made by the astronauts. Of course, these pictures are just dismissed as fabricated. The evidence is overwhelming and undeniable that NASA sent multiple missions to the moon, leaving behind footprints and equipment and bringing back rocks and history. But there are those who deny it, and they largely use anomaly hunting to justify their outlandish conspiracy theories. "-The Skeptic's Guide to the Universe' by Dr. Steven Novella, pages 126 and 127Now here's some evidence, regarding the supposed Moon landings that the author of 'The Skeptic's Guide to the Universe' conveniently forgot to mention."... why didn't the astronauts make some visible signal from the Moon? It would have been relatively easy to touch off some hypergolic chemicals, beam a laser to a mirror on Earth, create a pattern with lightweight black dust, or provide some other means of definitely proving that they were really there. Relying on an easily simulated picture on TV was the least reliable means of "proof"."-Bill Kaysing, 'We Never Went to the Moon: America's Thirty Billion Dollar Swindle',1974, page 7"Sotheby's has announced that it is putting up for auction moon rocks brought to Earth by an unmanned Soviet space mission in 1970 and expects they will sell for between $700,000 and $1 million.The rocks to be auctioned off in New York City on November 29 are the only known documented samples from the moon to be legally available for private ownership." -Radio Free Europe, Radio Liberty"A team of physicists led by a professor at UC San Diego has pinpointed the location of a long lost light reflector left on the lunar surface by the Soviet Union nearly 40 years ago that many scientists had unsuccessfully searched for and never expected would be found.The French-built laser reflector was sent aboard the unmanned Luna 17 mission, which landed on the moon November 17, 1970, releasing a robotic rover that roamed the lunar surface and carried the missing laser reflector. The Soviet lander and its rover, called Lunokhod 1, were last heard from on September 14, 1971." - Science DailyAn unmanned probe avoids all of the technical complications of keeping humans alive on the Moon. The very real possibility of retrieving moon rocks and placing reflectors on the Moon via unmanned probe renders all of the supposed evidence for the Moon landings questionable , at best.There is no reliable evidence to prove that the greatest scientific achievement in history , the Moon landings, ever happened.Now, as I have accused the author of subverting reason and using logical fallacies to mislead his audience, it is proper that I offer some relevant definitions ."We ought in fairness to fight our case with no help beyond the bare facts: nothing, therefore, should matter except the proof of those facts."-Aristotle"Without the presentation of solid evidence no argument can be a good one."-Patrick Hurley, A Concise Introduction to Logic, 1985"Fallacious reasoning is just the opposite of what can be called cogent reasoning. We reason cogently when we reason (1) validly; (2) from premises well supported by evidence; and (3) using all relevant evidence we know of. The purpose of avoiding fallacious reasoning is, of course, to increase our chances of reasoning cogently."-Howard Kahane, Logic and Contemporary Rhetoric, 1976, second edition "The fallacy of suppressed evidence is committed when an arguer ignores evidence that would tend to undermine the premises of an otherwise good argument, causing it to be unsound or uncogent. Suppressed evidence is a fallacy of presumption and is closely related to begging the question. As such, it's occurrence does not affect the relationship between premises and conclusion but rather the alleged truth of premises. The fallacy consists in passing off what are at best half-truths as if they were whole truths, thus making what is actually a defective argument appear to be good. The fallacy is especially common among arguers who have a vested interest in the situation to which the argument pertains."-Patrick Hurley, A Concise Introduction to Logic, 1985 "ARGUMENTUM AD VERECUNDIAMArgumentum ad verecundiam is an appeal to the prestige or respect in which a proponent of an argument is held as a guarantee of the truth of the argument. This is unwarranted when reasoning about an issue is required and only the authority of its upholders or opponents is given consideration. It is perfectly legitimate to supplement reasoning with authority (Argumentum ad auctoritatem ), but it is fallacious to substitute authority for reasoning in matters capable of being understood by reason."-'The Trivium: The Liberal Arts of Logic, Grammar, and Rhetoric" by Sister Miriam Joseph Ph.D."ARGUMENTUM AD HOMINEMArgumentum ad hominem ( literally, an "argument to the man") fallacy confuses the point at issue with the people concerned. Attacks on the character and conduct of people and personal abuse or praise are substituted for reasoning on the point at issue. Argumentum ad hominem seeks to persuade by unsound ethos. In rhetoric ethos means establishing the speaker or writer as one worthy of making an argument."-'The Trivium: The Liberal Arts of Logic, Grammar, and Rhetoric" by Sister Miriam Joseph Ph.D."ARGUMENTUM AD IGNORANTIAMArgumentum ad ignorantiam is the use of an argument that sounds convincing to others because they are ignorant of the weaknesses of the argument and of the facts that stand against it."-'The Trivium: The Liberal Arts of Logic, Grammar, and Rhetoric" by Sister Miriam Joseph Ph.D."In the appeal to ignorance (argumentum ad ignorantiam) one relies on the lack of knowledge on the part of the hearers to hinder them from seeing through the speciousness of one’s arguments. Statistics are thus often used and abused by orators, knowing that the audience is not acquainted with the facts or with the proper interpretation of the figures. Speaking to an uneducated mass meeting, the speaker will frequently sway his audience with the fire of his enthusiasm and the grandiloquence of his language, convinced that the play of his words will do more than any amount of cogent reasoning."-Celestine N. Bittle, "The Science of Correct Thinking: Logic""A high degree of probability is often called 'practical certainty.' A reasonable man should not refrain upon acting upon a practical certainty as though it were known to be true. In England, for instance, it is customary for a judge, at the trial of a person accused of murder, to instruct the jury that an adverse verdict need not be based upon the belief that the guilt of the prisoner has been ' proved ', but upon the belief that the guilt has been established ' beyond a reasonable doubt .' To be ' beyond reasonable doubt ' is to have sufficient evidence to make the proposition in question so much more likely to be true than to be false that we should be prepared to act upon the supposition of its truth. Many of our most important actions have to be performed in accordance with belief of such a kind."-L. Susan Stebbing, 'Logic in Practice', (1934) pages 98 and 99
There’s A LOT of meat in this book.It serves as a GREAT introduction to scientific skepticism and critical thinking that we need now more than ever in this age where we retreat to tribalism and carelessly employ sloppy thinking leaving no room for conversation, compromise, or thoughtful and sincere dialogue. This book is a primer to help the reader avoid overthrowing reason and common sense with ideology and fear.We, as a culture, are in desperate need of a course correction of the mind. This book is a great start to understand how the mind works and how it synthesizes and generates truths, deceives itself and fortifies falsehoods. We have always lived in a world full of fake, but only recently has it been normalized and expected.Here is a great start to help maneuver the currents of this new world of data inundation. It also serves as a foundation on how to spot bullshit and refrain from retreating to our cultural bubbles. It's a great introduction on how to open your mind and evaluate new information based on evidence and merit rather than seeking out information that conforms to your sacred beliefs.There is a way out this. Using our brain lazily got us in this mess. Perhaps employing some critical thinking and using our brain skillfully will get us out.Should be mandatory reading for all high schoolers.
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